Ice breaking and rotary scarifier device



P 1940- F. M. HARGRAVE ET AL 54 ICE BREAKING AND ROTARY SCARIFIER DEVICE Filed May 24, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 1i mg FREE M. HARGRA VE WAL TER E. MAR/6L5 BY I 0 ATTORNEY.

INVENTORS I April 16, 1940. F. M. HARGRAVE -r AL ICE BREAKING AND ROTARY SCARIFIER DEVICE Filed May 24, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS FRED M HARGRA VE WALTER E. MAR/CA5 April 1940- F. M. HARGRAVE ET AL 7,549

ICE BREAKING AND ROTARY SCARIFIER DEVICE- Filed May 24, 1937 s Sheets-Sheet :5

. INVENTORS FRED M. HARGRA v5 WAZ 75/? E. MAR/6L5 BY I flit/W 7 @124 ATTORNEY.

April 16, 1940. F. M. HARGRAVE ET AL ICE BREAKING AND ROTARY SGARIFIER DEVICE Filed May 24, 1937' 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS FRED M HARGRA v5 W/JL 75/? E. MAR/CA5 7 w ATTORNEY.

v BY

prfl 16, 1940.. F, M. HARGRAVE ET AL 1 5 INVENTORS FRED M. HARGR/J VE WALTER KMAR/CLE BY fi Z ATTORNEY.

P 15, 1940- F. M. HARGRAVE ET AL ICE BREAKING AND ROTARY SCARIFIER DEVICE Filed May 24. 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 I INVENTORS FRED M. HARGRAVE WALTER E. MAR/a5 ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 16, 1940 PATENT OFFICE ICE BREAKING AND ROTARY SCABIFIEB DEVICE Fred M. Kai-grave and Walter E. liiaricle,

Cedar Rapids, Iowa Application May 24, 1937, Serial No. 144,474

Claims.

Our invention relates to ice breaking devices or rotary scarifying means and has particular relation to a device adapted to be attached to a supporting or actuating structure such as a grader,

5 motor patrol or the like for the purpose of breaking up sheet ice formed on highways or for scarifying earth, gravel and the like.

It is the usual practice in removing snow or ice from the highways to employ scraper blades or plow blades attached to a motorized means. In devices of this character the material moved is picked up and pushed ahead of the blade and rolled over and over until discharged from one end of the said blade.

Such devices are satisfactory in the removal of earth or snow which are not of a very cohesive structure. However, the problem of removing sheet ice is of a totally different nature. The ordinary scraper blade prevents a relatively large strong cohesive properties resists such action to such an extent that the use of such a blade is of no avail in removing sheet ice from a highway.

The reactive force of an ice sheet is practically at right angles to a scraper blade along its entire extent of surface in contact with the ice and a blade of this nature is adapted to be moved only in one plane of direction. Obviously, the power required to break up the ice ahead of such a blade would be too great to enable the provision of a workable structure.

We have observed these difficulties and have decided'that their solution resides in providing a device the design of which is based on the relative brittleness of ice. Such a device is preferably formed in such a 'manner as to have a relatively large number of contact points of small area so as to render entry of each point of contact into the ice comparatively easy. Furthermore, the breaking action is expedited if a scooping action of the contact points occurs during one stage of operation. The action described results in the breaking up and casting aside of sheet ice in relatively small pieces that may easily be removed or shoved aside. The power required for actuating such a device is no more than that necessary in operating the usual grader.

We have also observed that it apparently is economically disadvantageous to provide such a device as a unit adapted merely for the one purpose of ice removal. Such a structure would require a high initial cost with the possibility that it could be used only a few times during the year. However, such a device, capable of the action as described in the foregoing paragraphs.

area of contact and the sheet ice, having relativelywould be equally as expeditious in scarifying road surfaces for treatment and would be especially useful if adapted for use with the usual grader, motor patrol or the like.

It is accordingly an object of our invention to provide a simple, inexpensive, and improved ice breaking means.

Another object of our invention is to provide a means for either breaking up sheet ice formed on highways or for scarifying road surfaces or the like.

Another object of our invention is to provide a device of the above character that may readily be attached to the usual grader, motor patrol, or the like, and means for attaching such ice breaking and scarifying devices.

A more specific object of our invention is to provide a device for removing ice that will provide a splitting action and a scooping action for breaking off and thrusting aside sections of sheet ice for removal.

Another object of our invention is to provide an ice breaking or scarifying means that requires no more power in operation than that furnished in the usual grader or motor patrol unit.

Another object of our invention is to provide, in connection with an ice breaking and scarifying device, power means for raising and lowering such devices.

According to one embodiment of our invention we provide a series of extending toothlike members mounted in spaced peripheral relationship about a shaft and extending on a chordal axis as referred to the center axis of the shaft.

The novel features that we consider characteristic of our invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its organization and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood from. the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a view in perspective of a grader having mounted thereon an embodiment of a device constructed in accordance with the principles of our invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view in perspective showing the embodiment of our invention illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view in side elevation showing the action of the toothed members on a surface such as ice or the like when a device constructed in accordance with the principles of our invention is in operation.

Figure 4 is a view in perspective showing a method of mounting toothed members according to another embodiment of our invention.

Figure 5 is a view in section illustrating the method of securing the teeth according to an embodiment of our invention shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is aview partly in section and partly in elevation of another embodiment of our invention.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary view in perspective of the embodiment of our invention shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section showing still another embodiment of our invention.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary view in perspective showing an assembly of elements such as that shown in Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary view in perspective of the supporting structure and an assembly of scarifying members constructed according to another embodiment of our invention.

Figure 11 is a view in side elevation of a scarifying element comprising tooth members and a retaining member such as those shown in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary view in perspective showing, in exploded relation, a scarifying element such as shown in Figure 11 and spacer members, plates and the shaft of the assembly shown in Figure 10.

Figure 13 is a view in perspective of a tooth constructed according to a modified form of my invention.

Figure 14 is a view in end elevation of the tooth shown in Figure 13 as it appears when incorporated in the structure shown in Figures 10, 11 and 12.

Figure 15 is a view in end elevation of a yoke supporting means and scarifying means as it appears when mounted on a motor patrol or the like in front of the scraper blade.

Figure 16 is a view in perspective showing a scarifying means constructed accordingto one embodiment of my invention as it appears when mounted on the rear of a scraper blade.

Figure 17 is a view in end elevation illustrating further the structure shown in Figure 16.

Figure 18 is a fragmentary view illustrating a modified form of attaching means.-

Figure 19 is a view in perspective of still another means for attaching the scarifying device to a road patrol or the like, and

Figure 20 is a view in end elevation of the de- I vice shown in Figure 19.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figure 1 the usual grader motor patrol I 0 includes a main frame or supporting structure II and a cab structure l2. The framework H is supported at its front end by tandem wheels l3 and I4, and at the rear by means of drive wheels l6 and II.

The cab i 2 is mounted over the rear drive wheels I6 and I! and the motor i8, for actuating the drive wheels, extends forwardly of the cab and is supported in the framework I I.

In the structure shown in Figure 1 a frame I9 is engaged with the framework I I, and is adapted to be moved up or down with the framework I l by means of members indicated generally at 26.

The framework [9 is in turn adapted to engage and support a circle or bull ring 21 which is suspended beneath the framework l9 by supporting means which permit the circle to rotate.

The circle or bull ring 21 in turn serves as a support for a mold board or for a similar structure such as a discing device such as shown in Patent No. 1,996,676, issued to F. M. Hargrave, April 2, 1935. This latter yoke structure is that preferably employed for mounting our device. In such a case the disc members are removed and a structure embodying the principles of our invention is substituted in the remaining yoke structure.

The structure here shown employed for mounting our drive includes a horizontally disposed yoke member 28, having forwardly extending hangers 29 and 3| secured thereto. The hangers 29 and 3| are formed with an enlarged cylindrical portion 32 adapted to house bearings in which a square shaft 30 (Figures 6 and '7) is journaled.

In the embodiment of our invention shown in Figures 1 and 2, we preferably mount a cylindrical member 36 on the square shaft 30 (Figures 6 and 7) described in connection with the supporting structure. We preferably securely engage tooth members 3'! about the periphery of the cylinder and these are arranged in any pre ferred number of spiraled rows and of any desired spacing. The teeth 31 are preferably formed of hardened steel adapted to resist shock, and comprise a pick element 38 and a curved base 39. The toothed members 31 may be secured to the cylinder 36 by any suitable means such as bolts or rivet members 4| extending through the base portion 39 into the cylindrical member. The teeth 31 are preferably arranged in staggered relationship and are formed so that they extend outwardly from the periphery of the cylinder 36 on an axis coincident with an extended chord of the cylinder 36.

We preferably employ this construction rather than having the teeth 31 extending radially for the following reason: The action desired for the best results may best be described as occurring in two stages. That is, the tooth member first will make contact with the ice sheet on a vertical plane as shown at 42 in Figure 3 to perform a splitting or picking action. Upon continued operation induced by forward movement of the actuating structure and rotation of the cylinder 36, a scooping action by tooth 3'! follows and the ice split in the first action of the tooth is kicked rearwardly and to one side on the follow through in the second stage of action as shown in dotted lines at 43.

It may readily be understood that our arrangement of the teeth in spiral rows about the cylinder will cause the cylinder to rotate as the conveying vehicle progresses forwardly and will necessitate a much smaller expenditure of power than if the teeth were arranged in a straight line across the cylinder on a line parallel with the axis of the cylinder 36.

It may be understood that we may provide any desired spacing of the teeth in any desired number of rows about the face of cylinder 36. It is also evident that our device may be equally well employed for scarifying graveled road surfaces or the like.

In another embodiment of our invention shown in Figures 4 and 5 we may employ a different arrangement for mounting the tooth members. In this embodiment we preferably secure channel members 44 to the cylinder 36 by welding or any other desired means. Teeth 46 are provided having extending pick portions 41 and square base portions 48. The portions 48 are adapted to be received in close cooperative relation within the channel members 44. The teeth 46 are secured within the channel members I by any suitable means such as bolts 49. The cylinder 36 has end plates 50 with square openings 55 therein and these plates slidingly receive the square shaft 30.

It may readily be understood that such construction will expedite the replacement of teeth that become worn or broken in service. The same principles are followed in mounting the teeth as to location and spacing as pointed out in connection with the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3.

In Figures 6 and 'I is illustrated still another embodiment of our invention. In this construction here shown we employ an octagonal member In this case the rows of teeth may be arranged spirally about the member 5| as shown in Figure '7 and before described in connection with the other embodiments. The teeth 52 are secured by any suitable means such as bolts 53 with one portion 54 of each tooth in close cooperative engagement with the faces of the hexagonal form 5|. This provides an extremely simple form of mounting the teeth and also permits the employment of a simple form of tooth members. I I

In Figures 8 and 9 there is shown still another embodiment of our invention. In this embodiment we preferably employ integrally cast discshaped members 6| formed with octagonal openings 62 therethrough. The disc members 6| are formed with offset portions 63 and 64 which have holes 66 cored therein. Teeth 51 are formed with shoulder portions 68 adapted to be received in close cooperative engagement in holes 66. Any suitable securing means such as bolts I0 are used to engage the teeth 61 with the holes 55.

In the embodiment here shown we have indicated disc members adapted to receive two teeth but it is obvious that the members 6| may be so formed as to provide for the mounting of any desired number of teeth consistent with the dimensions of the disc.

It is evident that the disc members 6| may be arranged on the square shaft indicated at 30 in any desired position such as that shown in Figure 9. The octagonal opening in the disc 6| is so dimensioned that the diagonal distance across two corners is substantially the same as the dimension of a side of the squared shaft 30 on which the discs 6| are mounted. Thus the position of the disc and in turn the teeth may be arranged in any desired form by rotating the disc on the shaft 30. Spacing along. the shaft may be regulated by the thickness of the disc members 6| or by spacer members 'II and I2 shown in Figures 11 and 12 in connection with another embodiment of our invention.

In Figures 10, 11 and 12, we show another preferred embodiment of our invention, now more particularly described. In Figure there is shown a fragmentary view of the grader and supporting structure somewhat similar to that shown in Figure 2.

However, in this case, the structure used for supporting the device with which our invention is concerned is better shown and described in the pending application 112,201 of Fred M. Hargrave. In this case, a yoke member I3, in which a square shaft I4 (Figure 12) is provided, is secured for adjustable movement to a mold board I5, which is in turn movably secured to the bull ring 21.

In the embodiment of our invention here shown, we preferably employ hexagonal members I6 adapted for use as a retaining means for teeth II to form a scarifying assembly 80, indicated in Figure 11. The members I9 have substantially rectangular recesses I8 formed therein on both faces I9 and 8|. The recesses I8 are formed with an extending lug portion 82, which is adapted to fit in to a notch 83 in the tooth member II. The teeth 11 are adapted to be closely received within the recessed portions I8 and are retained and restrained from movement in one plane by the engagement of the portion 82 of the member I6 and the notch 83in the teeth 11. The member I6 may have an octagonal or other poly-sided opening at 84 in order that it may be received on the shaft I4 in a plurality of positions.

In the completed assembly as shown in Figure 10 the spacing members II and I2 serve to retain the teeth 11 in the member I6. The members II and I2 also act as spacing members to provide for the proper relation of the scarifying assemblies 80 on the shaft I4.

In order to facilitate the replacement of teeth that may become broken without disassembly of the entire tooth holding structure, and in order to strengthen the teeth at the point where the greatest strain occurs we may employ twopart teeth such as illustrated in Figures 13 and 14. These teeth are comprised of a bit or tooth 9| and a shank 92 on which the tooth is removably engaged. The shank is engaged in the retainer I6 in the same manner as before but grooves 93 are provided in the side walls of the shank 92 to receive tongues 94. The base of the tooth 9| being hollowed out as indicated at 92. The teeth 9| are flared at the bottom as indicated at 91 and 98 to furnish a broad base to bear against the face of the retainer IS. The teeth may be locked in place by bolts 99.

The grooves 93 are preferably inclined slightly with regard to the faces of the retainers I0 so that when the teeth 9| are placed on the shank they may be driven thereon to form a wedge fit and the action of the teeth in scarifying tends to drive them on the shank and against the retainer I6 to lock them in place. The pins 99 serve to hold the teeth on the shank when backing up with the scarifier.

In the structure shown in Figure 15 the yokemember I3 is pivotally engaged to the scraper blade I5 by means of a pivotal connection I03 located near the top of the blade I5, which connects the bracket I03 on the yoke and blade engaging bracket I04 on the scraper blade. In order to provide power means for raising and lowering the scarifying device we may provide a hydraulic jack indicated at I05, the cylinder of which is pivotally received in a bracket I0I on the front of the scraper blade and the ram of which is engaged to a flange I08 on the yoke member I3 as indicated at I09. Fluid for operating the jack is driven into or removed from the cylinder I06 by means of conduits III and H2.

In Figures 17 and 18 we have illustrated a means by which our scarifying device may be engaged on the bull ring or circle of amotorpatrol or the like. In this device the yoke I3 is pivotallyengaged to angle irons II3 which are engaged in turn to a depending ring structure III which is secured to the circle 21 of the motor patrol.

mechanism and hydraulic pump (not shown) to raise and lower this scarifying device.

In the modification shown in Figure 18 the hydraulic jacks H! are received in links I? which are engaged directly to the horns I22 which form parts of the circle I21 and in this way the scarifying device need not be fastened to the scraper blade in any manner.

In Figure 19 we have illustrated a means for attaching the scarifying device directly to the circle 21. This is accomplished by pivotally engaging the yoke 13 to depending brackets I24 which are in turn engaged to the circle 21. The hydraulic jacks I 26 are pivotally received on brackets I21 and the rams I28 of the hydraulic jacks are pivotally engaged to the flanges I08 of yoke 13. The scarifying device may be thus raised and lowered by introducing fluid into the jacks by means of the conduits I29 and HI.

It is apparent that we have provided a simple, inexpensive, and practical means for removing sheet ice or for scarifying road surfaces or the like-and that the device may be readily attached to mold boards or supporting frames of road patrols and like structures as desired.

Although we have shown and described certain specific embodiments of our invention we are fully aware that many modifications thereof are possible. Our invention therefore, is not to be restricted except insofar as is necessitated by the prior art and the spirit of the appended claims.

We claim as our invention:

1. In a scarifying device, a retaining member, a shank engaged by the retaining member, a

tooth, and means for engaging the tooth on the shank comprising interfitting grooves and flanges on the respective members the flanges and grooves being at an angle with regard to the base of the retaining members to thereby cause a wedging action of the ioothpn the shank.

2. In a scarifying device! a supporting member, a yoke, a shaft rotatably mounted therein, a plurality of retainers mounted thereon for rotation therewith, said retainers being in the form of thick disk-like plates, afiplurality of recesses in the sides of the plates, sharpened teeth having the butt ends thereof received in the recesses, a notch in the butt end of each tooth, a lug formed in each recess to be received in each notch, said lug adapted to prevent the teeth from lengthwise movement in the recesses, and spacing plates between adjacent retainers adapted to prevent lateral displacement of the teeth.

3. In a scarifying device, a shaft, a plurality of disc-like plates mounted on the shaft, the discs having tangentially arranged recesses in at least one side face of each disc, teeth having the butt ends thereof received in the recesses, retaining means for holding the teeth in the recess against tangential or radial displacement,.means for preventing transverse displacement of the butt ends of the teeth comprising spacing plates, and means for locking the spacing plates and discs on the shaft whereby the teeth are held against lateral or radial displacement.

4. In a scarifying device, a supporting member, a shaft rotatably mounted on the supporting member, a plurality of disc-like retaining plates mounted on the shaft for rotation therewith, the retaining plates having recesses in at least one side face thereof, teeth having the butts thereof received in the recesses, means including notches and lugs for preventing radial and tangential displacement of the teeth, means for preventinglateral displacement of the teeth comprising spacing plates also on the shaft, and means forlocking the spacer plates against the faces of the retainers to hold the teeth to prevent lateral displacement thereof.

5. In a scarifying device, a shaft, a tooth shank retaining member on the shaft, a tooth shank received in the retaining member, a tooth adapted to fit over the end of the shank, and means for securing the tooth on the shank comprising interfltting grooves and flanges on the respective members with the end face of one of the members at a different angle than the interfltting grooves and flanges, to thereby cause a wedging action of the tooth on the shank when the tooth is used in WALTER E. MARICLE. 

